Showing 4 results for Aging
Mahnaz Shahbazi, Naser Behpoor, Mohammad Faramarzi, Ebrahim Banitalebi,
Volume 15, Issue 5 (9-2021)
Abstract
Background and objectives: Bone-related osteokines play an important role in the response of bone metabolism to physical activity. The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of different intensities of resistance training on serum levels of some osteokines associated with the Wnt signaling pathway and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand (RANKL) pathway in old male Wistar rats.
Methods: Twenty-four old (23 months) male Wistar rats (mean weight: 437.93±33 g) were randomly divided into three groups of moderate-intensity resistance training (n=8), high-intensity resistance training (n=8) and control (n=8). Moderate- and high-intensity resistance trainings were performed at 60% and 80% maximal voluntary carrying capacity, respectively. The level of wclerostin, osteoprotegerin (OPG) and RANKL was evaluated by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and at significance level of ≤0.05.
Results: The results showed that sclerostin (p=0.014), OPG (p=0.049) and RANKL (P=0.034) differed significantly between the study groups. The Tukey post-hoc comparison showed that sclerostin decreased significantly in the high-intensity resistance training group compared to moderate-intensity resistance training group (P=0.048). In addition, OPG decreased significantly in the moderate-intensity resistance training group compared to the control group (P=0.033). Moreover, RANKL decreased significantly in the high-intensity resistance training group compared to the control (P=0.048).
Conclusion: The results showed that resistance training with appropriate repetition and intensity can have positive effects on bone formation signaling pathways.
Hadi Yarahmadi , Mehdi Mogharnasi , Roya Askari , Akram Arzani ,
Volume 18, Issue 3 (5-2024)
Abstract
Background: The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of ten weeks of combined training on the gene expression of nuclear factor-κB and sirtuin 1 in fast and slow twitch muscles of aged male rats.
Methods: Sixteen rats, each 24 months old, were randomly divided into two groups: combined training and control (Eight rats per group). Combined exercises were performed four sessions per week, including two days of endurance and two days of resistance. The exercises took place in a container measuring 50x50x100 cm, filled with water maintained at 30±1°C. On the first day, the animals swam for five minutes in water at a height equal to 100% of their body length, without weights. On the second and third days, the rats swam for 10 minutes with the water height equal to 120% of their body length. On the fourth and fifth days, they swam for 15 minutes with the water height at 140% of their body length, which remained constant during the study period. Data were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance with SPSS version 22 software, with the significance level at P≤0.05.
Results: After ten weeks of combined training, a significant difference was observed in the gene expression of nuclear factor-κB and sirtuin 1 between the training and control groups (P=0.001 for both).
Conclusion: According to the results of this research, performing combined exercises in water with appropriate intensity and duration can regulate inflammatory and anti-inflammatory pathways, thereby strengthening muscles and reducing muscle wasting and atrophy in the elderly.
Mahmoud Soltani , Hasan Saniyan , Elham Sokhtanlou ,
Volume 20, Issue 1 (1-2026)
Abstract
Background: Sarcopenia and systemic chronic inflammation are hallmark features of biological aging, contributing significantly to functional decline in geriatric populations. The present study aimed to evaluate and compare the efficacy of eight-week endurance, resistance, and concurrent (Combined) training protocols on key biomarkers of sarcopenia (C-terminal agrin fragment, CAF) and inflammatory profiles (Cortisol and interleukin-6, IL-6) in elderly women.
Methods: Forty-eight elderly female volunteers (Mean Age: 65.24 ± 3.14 years; Weight: 82.76 ± 5.89 kg; Height: 162.06 ± 4.40 cm; BMI: 31.45 ± 3.21 kg/m²) were recruited and randomly allocated into four homogeneous groups (n = 12 per group): Endurance Training, Resistance Training, Concurrent Training, and Control. The experimental groups participated in their respective exercise regimens for eight weeks (Three sessions per week). To measure serum variables (Cortisol, CAF, and IL-6), fasting blood samples were collected 48 hours before the intervention and 48 hours after the final training session. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, ANCOVA, and Bonferroni post-hoc tests.
Results: Post-intervention analysis demonstrated significant reductions in serum cortisol (P = 0.001), CAF (P = 0.001), and IL-6 (P = 0.001) in all training groups compared to baseline. Significant differences were observed between the exercise groups and the control group, particularly for cortisol levels (P = 0.001); however, intergroup comparisons among the three exercise modalities showed no statistically significant differences (P > 0.05).
Conclusion: The findings suggest that, regardless of modality, an eight-week exercise intervention effectively reduces biomarkers associated with neuromuscular junction degradation and systemic inflammation in elderly women. Therefore, these training strategies may be recommended as viable non-pharmacological approaches to counteract sarcopenic progression and age-related metabolic dysfunction.
Mr. Amir Asghary, Dr. Marie Saghaeian Jazi, Dr. Seyed Mostafa Mir, Dr. Abbas Doulani, Prof. Hamid Reza Joshaghani,
Volume 20, Issue 2 (6-2026)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Gastric cancer (GC), particularly adenocarcinoma, remains a global health burden with high mortality due to late-stage diagnosis and limited reliable biomarkers for disease monitoring. Lipid metabolism plays a crucial role in tumor biology, and serum lipid-related markers, including apolipoproteins, have been suggested as potential non-invasive indicators of tumor progression. This study aimed to evaluate the association between serum lipid profiles and tumor stage and histological grade in patients with gastric adenocarcinoma.
Methods: Fifty patients diagnosed with gastric adenocarcinoma were enrolled. Serum levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-C, LDL-C, ApoA1, and ApoB were measured. Patients were categorized into early (stages I–II) and advanced (stages III–IV) tumor stages, as well as into moderately differentiated versus poorly differentiated grades. The Shapiro-Wilk test was used to assess data normality. Parametric and non-parametric tests were applied accordingly. A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: ApoB was the only parameter showing a significant association with tumor stage. Patients with advanced-stage GC had significantly lower mean ApoB levels compared to those in early stages (52.4 ± 2.6 vs. 63.4 ± 5.2 mg/dl, p = 0.042). No statistically significant differences were observed in ApoA1, HDL-C, total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-C, or VLDL, for either tumor stage or histological grade.
Conclusion: ApoB levels appear to decline with advancing tumor stage in gastric adenocarcinoma, suggesting a potential role as a marker to evaluate disease burden. While no association was found with tumor grade, further validation in larger prospective studies incorporating metabolic and inflammatory covariates is warranted.
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